نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت و اقتصاد سلامت، دانشکده‌ی مدیریت و اطلاع‌رسانی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
2 دانشیار، مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، مرکز تحقیقات علوم انسانی سلامت، دانشکده‌ی مدیریت و اطلاع‌رسانی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
3 دانشیار، اپیدمیولوژی وآمار زیستی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، دانشکده‌ی مدیریت و اطلاع‌رسانی پزشکی، اصفهان، ایران
5 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، دانشکده‌ی مدیریت و اطلاع‌رسانی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: درجه‌ای که افراد اطلاعات بهداشتی درمانی را درک می‌کنند و می‌توانند در سیستم بهداشتی درمانی به‌کار گیرند تحت عنوان سواد سلامت مطرح می‌شود. عواقب ناشی از سواد کم سلامت هم به‌صورت مستقیم و هم به‌صورت غیرمستقیم بروز می کند. از این رو هدف از این مطالعه، تعیین سواد سلامت، وضعیت سلامت و بهره‌مندی از خدمات سلامت و ارتباط بین آنها در بزرگسالان شهر اصفهان بود. روش بررسی: این مطالعه توصیفی تحلیلی از نوع مقطعی بوده که بر روی300 نفر از افراد 18-64 ساله‌ی شهر اصفهان با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای که متناسب با حجم نمونه‌ی انتخاب شده بودند در سال1390 انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسش‌نامه‌ی محقق‌ساخته، اقتباس شده از پرسش‌نامه استاندارد سواد سلامت CAHP (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems ) بود و روایی و پایایی آن سنجیده شد. وضعیت سلامت فرد براساس خودارزیابی فیزیکی و روانی سلامت در طول 6 ماه گذشته اندازه‌گیری شد. میزان بهره‌مندی از خدمات سلامت هم درشش حیطه از افراد سوال شد که شامل تعداد مراجعه به پزشک عمومی، تعداد مراجعه به پزشک متخصص، تعداد مراجعه به درمانگاه یا مطب، تعداد مراجعه به اورژانس، میزان استفاده از خدمات تشخیصی در 3 ماه گذشته و میزان بستری شدن در بیمارستان در یک سال گذشته می‌باشد. برای تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه‌ی 18 آمار توصیفی و آزمون کای اسکوئر استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: میانگین نمره‌ی سواد سلامت 4/2 و در حد متوسط، میانگین نمره‌ی وضعیت سلامت 1/3 و در حد خوب و میانگین نمره‌ی بهره‌مندی از خدمات سلامت 1/2 و در حد ضعیف ارزیابی شد. بین سواد سلامت، وضعیت سلامت و بهره‌مندی از خدمات سلامت ارتباط آماری معناداری مشاهده نشد. بعد خانوار در خودارزیابی وضعیت سلامت افراد مؤثر است. میزان تحصیلات افراد و منطقه‌ی محل سکونت هم در بهره‌مندی افراد از خدمات سلامت مؤثر است. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به شیوع سواد سلامت متوسط در بزرگسالان شهر اصفهان و نیز پایین بودن میزان بهره‌مندی از خدمات سلامت لزوم توجه بیش‌تر به امر سواد سلامت و بهبود ارتباط پزشک و بیمار و آگاه‌سازی افراد جامعه از طریق برنامه‌های ارتقای سلامت و یا رسانه‌ها توصیه می‌شود. واژه‌های کلیدی: سواد سلامت؛ وضعیت سلامت؛ خدمات سلامت؛ بهره‌مندی
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Health Literacy, Health Status, Health Services Utilization and Their Relationships in Adults in Isfahan
نویسندگان [English]
- Saeed Karimi 1
- Mahmood Keyvanara 2
- Mohsen Hosseini 3
- Marzie Jafarian 4
- elahe khorasani 5
1 Associate Professor, Health Services Management, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Faculty of Management and Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Health Services Management, Human Sciences in Health, Faculty of Management and Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 MSc Student, Health Services Management, Faculty of Management and Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5 MSc Student, Health Services Management, Faculty of Management and Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Health literacy is the degree to which people understand the health information and can operate in the health care system. Consequences of low health literacy occur both directly and indirectly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine health literacy, health status and health services utilization and their relationships in adults in Isfahan. Methods: This study was a descriptive analytical survey on 300 (18-64 years old) people in Isfahan, multi stage sampling was performed. For collecting the data, questionnaire adapted from CHAP (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) health literacy questionnaire was used. Health status was measured by self-assessment of physical and mental health over the last 6 months. Health services utilization was asked by six areas that include the number of GP visits, number of special physician visits, number of outpatient or clinic visits, number of the emergency department visits, number of diagnostic services use of the last 3 months and the hospitalization in the past year. For data analysis SPSS18 software, descriptive statistics and Chi-square test was used. Results: Average health literacy score was 2.4, which was moderate. The average health status score was 3.1, which was good and the average health services utilization score was 2.1, which was weak. Health literacy, health status and health care utilization were not statistically significant. Levels of education and place of residence were effective on health services utilization. Conclusion: According to the average prevalence of health literacy in adults in Isfahan and low health services utilization, more attention to the improvement of health literacy and doctor-patient relationship and awareness of community through health programs and media was recommended. Keywords: Health Literacy; Health Status; Health Services; Utilization
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Health Literacy
- Health Status
- Health Services
- Utilization
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