نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 استاد، علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

10.22122/him.v18i1.4440

چکیده

مقدمه: در زمان بحران‌های سلامت مانند همه‌گیری کووید 19، افزایش اخبار نادرست و شایعات، تشخیص اخبار صحیح را دشوار می‌کند. همچنین، با وجود خطرات موجود، برخی با نپذیرفتن واکسن، ایمنی جامعه را به خطر می‌اندازند. در تلاش برای روشن ساختن علل این رفتار مخاطره‌آمیز، در تلاش برای روشن ساختن علل این رفتار مخاطره‌آمیز، پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین توانایی تشخیص اخبار جعلی بر پذیرش واکسن کووید 19 در دانشجویان دانشگاه شیراز انجام شد.
روش بررسی: ایاین مطالعه به روش پیمایشی انجام گردید. ابزار تحقیق، پرسش‌نامه الکترونیکی ترکیبی شامل پرسش‌نامه پذیرش واکسن Montagni و همکاران، مقیاس تشخیص اخبار جعلی طراحی شده توسط محقق و پرسش‌نامه درک خطر Champion بود. نمونه‌گیری به روش داوطلبانه انجام شد. 382 دانشجوی دانشگاه شیراز (در سال تحصیلی 1401-1400) به پرسش‌نامه پاسخ دادند. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های 2c و Binary Logistic Regression مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: 72 درصد از دانشجویان پذیرای واکسن بودند و 8/62 درصد درک متوسطی از خطر این بیماری داشتند. رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری بین متغیر توان تشخیص اخبار جعلی با پذیرش واکسن مشاهده گردید. به عبارت دیگر، هرچه افراد در تشخیص اخبار جعلی توانمندتر بودند، احتمال قرارگیری آن‌ها در گروه «مردد در واکسیناسیون» نسبت به گروه «پذیرای واکسن» نزدیک به 8/0 برابر کمتر بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: پذیرش اخبار جعلی درباره واکسن کووید 19 می‌تواند به کاهش پذیرش واکسن بینجامد. این یافته دلالت بر نقش سواد تشخیص اخبار جعلی در کنترل رفتار افراد و در نتیجه، ارتقای سلامت جامعه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Risk Perception and Ability to Detect Fake News in Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine among Students of Shiraz University, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Torabi 1
  • Hajar Sotudeh 2

1 PhD Student, Knowledge and Information Science, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

2 Professor, Knowledge and Information Science, Department of Knowledge and Information Science, School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: During health crises, such as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the spread of fake news and rumors makes it difficult to distinguish real news. Besides, despite dangers, some endanger public safety by avoiding vaccination. It is not clear to what extent the individuals understand the dangers, and are influenced by the fake news. To elucidate the causes of this risky behavior, this study examined the role of fake news detection and risk perception in vaccine acceptance among students of Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Methods: Research method was survey, and research tool was a combined electronic questionnaire, including vaccine acceptance questionnaire of Montagni et al., fake news detection, developed by the researcher, and the risk perception questionnaire of Champion. The sampling method was voluntary. 382 students from Shiraz University (academic year of 2021-2022) answered the questionnaire. Data were analyzed through chi-square and binary logistic regression tests.
Results: 72.0% of students were vaccine acceptant, and 62.8% had a moderate risk perception regarding the disease. Although the students' demographic characteristics and risk perception showed no significant correlation with the vaccine acceptance, their ability to detect fake news had a significant positive correlation. In effect, the participants with higher fake news detection scores were 0.8 times less likely to be classed in the vaccine hesitant group, compared to the vaccine acceptance ones.
Conclusion: Acceptance of fake news about COVID-19 vaccine may reduce the vaccine acceptance. This finding highlights the key role of fake news detection literacy in controlling the behavior of individuals, and thus the safety of society.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Disinformation
  • Students
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