Index
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012
Abstract
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Original Article
Narjes Mirabootalebi; Maryam Ahmadi; Hosein Mobaraki; Saeid Hoseini; Nooshin Mohebbi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 769-779
Abstract
Introduction: Recording the reasons of death especially its underlying causes are considered to be themost important data in modifying health-care programs of countries. Therefore, a comprehensivecomputer system, related databases is necessary in analyzing and understanding the main processes inhealth-care. ...
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Introduction: Recording the reasons of death especially its underlying causes are considered to be themost important data in modifying health-care programs of countries. Therefore, a comprehensivecomputer system, related databases is necessary in analyzing and understanding the main processes inhealth-care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the electronic death registration system in Iran based onits requirements.Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2011 in 12 medical universities of Iran.The study population consisted of two groups of users and officials of the electronic death registrationsystem in medical sciences universities of our country (n = 50). The data collection Tools of this study is aresearcher-constructed questionnaire based on the Likert scale, and a checklist. The questionnaire wasbased on 3 requirements (user requirements, general requirements, and security requirements). Thechecklist was designed to assess technical requirements. The validity of the questionnaire was approvedby the content validity method (opinions of teachers and scholars of health information management andcomputer sciences). Its reliability was approved using Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysis was conducted bySPSS statistical software version 20 and descriptive statistics.Results: 84.6%, 75.7%, 40.9% of users and experts of medical sciences universities, type 1, respectivelyapproved the existence of user, general, and security requirements. 34.8%, 66.7%, and 22.7% in type 2,and 35.7%, 33.3%, and 20.7% in type 3 universities, respectively, approved the existence of user, general,and security requirements. Moreover, technical requirements are approved by 64.7% of software experts.According to these results, with a mean of 51.7% in user requirements, 58.5% general requirements, and64.7% technical requirements the electronic death registration system is at an acceptable level. However,it is at a weak level in terms of security requirements (28.1%).Conclusion: Weak results of the security requirements show the inefficiency of this system’s software.Therefore, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education should plan to improve the performance of thissoftware in terms of security requirements.
Original Article
Saeed Karimi; Yousef Masoodian; Maryam Yaghoubi; Mohsen Hosseini; Jamil Sadeghifar
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 780-785
Abstract
Introduction: One of the most important indices of effectiveness and delivery quality of sanitary andmedical services is patient satisfaction with hospital services. It is necessary that hospitals pay attention topatient's needs and ensure their satisfaction. Therefore the current study was conducted ...
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Introduction: One of the most important indices of effectiveness and delivery quality of sanitary andmedical services is patient satisfaction with hospital services. It is necessary that hospitals pay attention topatient's needs and ensure their satisfaction. Therefore the current study was conducted with the aim ofidentifying the level of patient satisfaction with hospital services delivered from the time of theiradmission to their release in educational hospitals of Isfahan, Iran.Methods: The present investigation is a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in the fall andwinter of 2009. The statistical population consisted of 196 patients referring to educational hospitals ofIsfahan. Simple random sampling method was used. The data collection tool was a researcher-madequestionnaire consisting of 66 questions on 5 areas. Content validity of the study tool was approved byprofessionals, and its reliability was approved by calculating Cronbach’s alpha (α = 0.87). Data wasanalyzed by SPSS software using chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and ANOVA.Results: The average score of patient satisfaction with outpatient admission was 15.5%, clinic physician27.9%, hospitalization admission 15.9%, nursing services 33%, hospitalization physician 38.6%, public andwelfare services 55.2%, hospitalization section 42.1%, and financial-administration section was 14.3%. Nosignificant correlation was observed between demographic characteristics and satisfaction score.Conclusion: The results showed that overall level of patient satisfaction with hospital services was low.Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to activities and performance of different units of hospitals,identify factors causing dissatisfaction, and direct efforts towards eliminating the shortages andempowering the strengths. It is also necessary to plan for delivering higher quality services, securingfinancial benefits of the health section, and recognizing and amending some hospital procedures,especially admission and release procedures.
Original Article
Sayede-Shahrebano Rashida; Azar Kabirzadeh
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 786-791
Abstract
Introduction: The health information system of hospitals depends on their medical records. Therefore,the detailed documentation, and maintenance of patient records can lead to timely diagnosis and effectivetreatment of diseases in any country, and should be included in the strategic program for disease ...
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Introduction: The health information system of hospitals depends on their medical records. Therefore,the detailed documentation, and maintenance of patient records can lead to timely diagnosis and effectivetreatment of diseases in any country, and should be included in the strategic program for disease control.This study aimed to determine the status of the documentation of tuberculosis patients in Razi Hospital ofGhaemshahr in 2010.Methods: This research is a description of the existing data in patient records. The study populationconsisted of all records of hospitalized tuberculosis patients in 2010 in the Razi Hospital of Ghaemshahr.The 66 patients were studied by using checklist, admission documents, papers, briefs, history, course ofillness, prescriptions, and pathology, radiology, and laboratory reports. The checklist had formal validitybased on data elements in the records. Data were analyzed by SPSS for Windows (version 16).Results: The results showed that from a total of 66 records of patients with tuberculosis, in the admissiondocument and the final diagnosis in 25 cases (8.37%) the diagnosis was not stated and in 7 cases (6.10%)phrases such as BK+ were recorded. No action was recorded in the measures section of any of the records(0%). However, documents such as surgery, radiology, and ultrasound reports show that diagnostic andtherapeutic procedures, such as 5 cases of bronchoscopy, 4 cases of endoscopies and biopsies, 22 cases ofCT scan of the lungs, intubation, dialysis and etcetera, have been undertaken.Conclusion: Much effort has been devoted to improving documentation of outpatients’ and inpatients’data, and to classification of diseases. However, many problems still exist in this respect. This was ateaching hospital; therefore, training physicians on data documentation is a necessity
Original Article
Maryam Jahanbakhsh; Sakineh Saghaeiannejad Esfahani
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 792-801
Abstract
Introduction: The role of the computer in information management has gradually increased themotivation for investment in computer systems for medical records. Admission, coding, statistics, andfilling units' software have important roles in health information management. However, their adaptionand implementation ...
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Introduction: The role of the computer in information management has gradually increased themotivation for investment in computer systems for medical records. Admission, coding, statistics, andfilling units' software have important roles in health information management. However, their adaptionand implementation needs the support of users. The goal of the present research is to determine users'point of view on software used in the medical record department of Isfahan's educational hospitals.Methods: This is a descriptive study was carried out on all users (n = 92) in educational hospitalsaffiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The data was collected by a researcher-madequestionnaire which was validated by experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by testretest. The results were analyzed by SPSS version 16.Results: The satisfaction of users had a maximum of 76.5% related to coding unit and a minimum of45.3% related to filing unit. The highest satisfaction in the admission unit was related to ease in use(100%), in the coding unit was related to deletion of indices (98%), in the statistics unit to confidentiality(100%), and in the filing unit to ease in use (89.5%).Conclusion: The average of users' satisfaction of the software programs in the medical record departmentwas 61.8%. This indicates deficiencies in the design of the studied software. These insufficiencies causealteration in the function of computer systems in data management. Therefore, need assessment of usersand health information management professionals (HIMP) before designing and implementation ofsoftware is necessary.
Original Article
masoomeh naghneh; Mozafar Cheshmeh Sohrabi; Nahid Banieghbal
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 802-813
Abstract
Introduction: Today, indexing is an important tool in information retrieval. The aim of the present Studywas to identify the level of compliance of the Persian and English keywords in Farsi and English abstractsand titles of dissertations of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, with the Persian ...
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Introduction: Today, indexing is an important tool in information retrieval. The aim of the present Studywas to identify the level of compliance of the Persian and English keywords in Farsi and English abstractsand titles of dissertations of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, with the Persian MedicalThesaurus and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), which are the most important medical thesauruses.Methods: This was a descriptive survey done in 2011. The study sample included 2942 postgraduatetheses from 8 libraries of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 340 theses were selected bystratified random sampling. . Data collection was performed by a researcher-constructed checklist and byvisiting libraries and studying the dissertations. Data analysis was performed by non-parametric statisticalanalysis (X2) and correlation coefficient. Due to the nature of the survey it has no reliability and itsvalidity was confirmed by reviewing 10 cases based on the checklist, and modifying them according to theviews of two library professionals.Results: There is a significant correlation between Persian and English keywords, and the Persian MedicalThesaurus and MeSH. Most keywords had a composite or single-word structure, and most of thekeywords were selected from the abstract. The majority of selected keywords were English.Conclusion: Keyword selection at the end of thesis abstracts is a form of free indexing. Therefore,studying researchers’ keywords can pave the way for the modification of indexing tools for in science,especially the medical sciences
Original Article
Hossein Ghalavand; Roghayeh Eskrootchi; Mohammadreza Alibeyk
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 814-821
Abstract
Introduction: Many criteria are involved in the assessment of websites. The importance of these criteriadiffers depending on their various subject areas. The purpose of this study was to identify the importanceof assessment criteria of health websites based on the opinions of hospital librarians.Methods: ...
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Introduction: Many criteria are involved in the assessment of websites. The importance of these criteriadiffers depending on their various subject areas. The purpose of this study was to identify the importanceof assessment criteria of health websites based on the opinions of hospital librarians.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in 2011. After face and content validity of the researcherconstructed questionnaire (based on the likert scale) were evaluated, its reliability was determined byCronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.98). The questionnaire was distributed between all librarians of 30hospital libraries affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Shahid Beheshti University.53 questionnaires were collected. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics (mean, median,mode, and standard deviation) in SPSS for Windows (version 19).Results: Of the information quality criteria, accuracy had of the highest degree of importance (4.56), andprice and response time had the lowest degree of importance (2.52). Moreover, in the external indicatorsgroup author credentials had the highest mean (4.73), and accessibility and advertising policy had thelowest mean of importance (2.20).Conclusion: Based on librarian’s opinions, the evaluation criteria of websites’ content information qualityare of greater importance than their external indicators.
Original Article
Mahtab Ramezan Shirazi; Firoozeh Zarefarashbandi; Hasan Ashrafi Rizi; Rasool Nouri
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 822-832
Abstract
Introduction: Recent progress in providing innovative solutions in the organization of electronicresources and research in this area shows the global trend in the use of new strategies such as metadata tofacilitate descripting, locating, organizing, and searching resources in the web environment. In ...
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Introduction: Recent progress in providing innovative solutions in the organization of electronicresources and research in this area shows the global trend in the use of new strategies such as metadata tofacilitate descripting, locating, organizing, and searching resources in the web environment. In thiscontext, library metadata standards are of great importance. Therefore, the purpose of the present studywas to compare the central library websites of Iranian state universities in terms of HTML and DublinCore metadata elements usage in 2011.Methods: This was an applied–descriptive study. The data collection tool was the researcher constructedchecklist. The statistical population included 98 websites of Iranian state universities of the Ministry ofHealth and Medical Education (MOHME), and the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. Thesampling method used was census. Data were collected by observing and referring directly to every website.Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, and the graphs were prepared by Excel software.Results: The findings of study indicated that none of the websites have used Dublin Core metadata. Someof them have used corresponding elements of HTML and Dublin Core. In the MOHME the correspondingelements of description and keywords (both 56%) were most used. In the Ministry of Science, Researchand Technology the element of keywords (45%) and description (39%) were most used. However, HTMLmeta tag elements were mostly used in the library websites studied. The most-used elements of HTMLwere keywords and description (both 56%) and the least-used elements were date and formatter (0%).Conclusion: It seems we can expect both ministries to use Dublin Core standard more in the future fordesigning these websites. As library's websites are scientific web pages, special attention should be paid todesigning them, in order to help researchers in accessing information resources faster and more accurately.Moreover, the role of librarians in the awareness of designers and developers of library websites in usingmetadata elements and applying their standards should not be overlooked.
Original Article
Hajar Sotudeh; Marzieh, Morovati
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 833-847
Abstract
Introduction: The issues of patient rights have recently been entered into medical and legal realms andhave attracted the attention of scholars. This field, which is in early stages of development, requiresstudying the patterns and characteristics of its scientific production and its compatibility with ...
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Introduction: The issues of patient rights have recently been entered into medical and legal realms andhave attracted the attention of scholars. This field, which is in early stages of development, requiresstudying the patterns and characteristics of its scientific production and its compatibility with the globalnorms of the worlds’ sciences. The present study aimed to investigate the scientific productivity and itsimpact patterns on patient rights during 1990-2010. Hence, it endeavors to discover their growth trend,local and global impact, the most productive contributing countries, authors and journals, document types,dominant languages, highly cited authors, and finally Iran's share. It may help to reflect the progress ofknowledge and its patterns and also highlight the weaknesses and strengths, and thereby be useful inmanaging and planning research and development in this field.Methods: The present study applied a survey method with a scientometrics approach. All the scientificproductions indexed by the Thomson Reuters database during 1990-2010 constituted the study materials.A total number of 1236 records were extracted. The data were analyzed through Excel and ThomsonReuters HistCite software, using descriptive and analytical statistics including frequency, percentage,Spearman correlation, and linear, power and exponential regressions analysis.Results: The maximum scientific output production in this field has been published during 2006-2010. Theyshowed an increasing trend on an exponential basis, illustrating the sustainability of scientific production inthis field. However, the citation number did not show a significant growth. This could be resulted from thesmall size of this field and its related domains. The total global impact was lower than the total local impactimplying that the papers were rather an inspiration source for other related fields than an intra-field source.Authorship pattern adhered to Lotka's law in that the number of authors decreased as their publicationsincrease on a power basis. However, the exponent equation is higher than two. The global distribution of thepapers and their language variations signified the world's concerns for patient rights.Conclusion: The patient rights exhibits many similarities to scientific fields and its publication foundationis being established and stabilized: the exponential growth of the papers, their language and documentvariation, global distribution, and specially its research nature indicated the development of this field as aresearch realm.
Original Article
Zahra Abazari; Tahereh Rigi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 848-861
Abstract
Introduction: Study habits and skills is one of the most important factors influencing academicachievement of students. The use effective study habits and skills are recommended for the better learningof students. This study investigates the study habits and skills of students of Zahedan University ofMedical ...
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Introduction: Study habits and skills is one of the most important factors influencing academicachievement of students. The use effective study habits and skills are recommended for the better learningof students. This study investigates the study habits and skills of students of Zahedan University ofMedical Sciences, Iran.Methods: This was a descriptive survey. 342 (total 2382) Students of Zahedan University of MedicalSciences were chosen by stratified random sampling (with probability proportional to size) in the secondsemester of 2010-2011. Data were gathered with the Redwood college study habit inventory, whichconsisted of 2 parts including demographic question (10 questions), and general question (51 questions).Its validity was approved by experts, and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s Alpha (α = 0.855).Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, and mean), one-way ANOVA, andstudent’s independent t-test in SPSS 15 statistical software. P-values of less than 0.05 were consideredstatistically significant.Results: The main issues of students in respect to study habits and skills were in time management withmean of 2.86, remembering with 2.93, studying a chapter with 2.98, listening and note taking with 3.07,concentration with 3.09, test taking with 3.28, and motivation with 3.38. Girls scored slightly better inremembering, listening and note taking, and motivation. However, boys scored higher in test taking.Conclusion: The results showed that the study habits and skills of students are at a moderate level. Due tothe importance of studying, planning to improve the study habits and skills of students is necessary.
Original Article
Shahin Mojiri; Fariba Rakhsh; Najmeh Nohrouzian; Mansoureh Ardestani; Mohammad Mousavi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 862-869
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays, use of library software is a basic need for libraries and information centers.User interface is a part of computerized systems which is interacting to the user and it is an importantfactor in information searching process. This study aimed to compare librarian's satisfaction rate ...
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Introduction: Nowadays, use of library software is a basic need for libraries and information centers.User interface is a part of computerized systems which is interacting to the user and it is an importantfactor in information searching process. This study aimed to compare librarian's satisfaction rate fromlibrary software interface in Isfahan libraries in 2010.Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study which was performed on Isfahan's librarians (n = 650),and the sample size (n = 242) was determined according to the Morgan’s and Krejcie’s sample size table.Five library software were compared together including: Pars-Azarakhsh, Payam, Nosa, Kavosh, andNamayeh. Sampling was conducted through stratified quota method. Data were collected usingquestionnaire for user interaction satisfaction (QUIS) in 5-point Likert scale.Results: In terms of general features (mean = 4), information display (mean = 3.79), terminology andsystem feedback (mean = 3.07), help (mean = 3.64) and system capabilities and properties (mean = 3.76),Nosa software was the first ranking software and Pars-Azarakhsh and Kavosh were the second and third,respectively.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Nosa was the best software and Pars Azarakhsh andKavosh were ranked the second and third, respectively. Since librarians spend most of their working hourswith several library software, their job satisfaction from the software interface has a large impact on thesuccess of software companies, thus supporting and training department of such companies must haveregular meetings and forums to examine the factors influencing on librarians’ satisfaction from librarysoftware and also apply librarians’ comments in their designs.
Original Article
Susan Bahrami; Mohammad Hossein Yarmohammadian; Saeed Rajaeepour; Hassan Ali Bakhtiyar Nasrabadi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 870-877
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction: Today, human resources are the most important competitive advantage of organizations.Therefore, university administrators should be aware of how to effectively use this strategic factor andadvantage. However, innovation is also a valuable tool in confronting uncertainty, and responding ...
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AbstractIntroduction: Today, human resources are the most important competitive advantage of organizations.Therefore, university administrators should be aware of how to effectively use this strategic factor andadvantage. However, innovation is also a valuable tool in confronting uncertainty, and responding to andimpacting the external environment. The aim of the present study was to determine the simple andmultiple correlations between functions of strategic human resource management and administrativeinnovation in medical and nonmedical universities in the Isfahan province, Iran.Methods: This was a descriptive and correlational study. The study population consisted of all facultymembers of public universities of Isfahan (1830 people) from which 480 people were chosen by stratifiedrandom sampling. The research tools included strategic human resource management practicesquestionnaire and the administrative innovation questionnaire. The face and content validity of thequestionnaires were confirmed, and their reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysiswas performed by descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Findings showed that the mean scores of strategic human resource management practices andadministrative innovation scores in public universities of this province were less than average. On the otherhand, a significant multiple correlation existed between strategic human resource management practices(training, service reward, assessment of performance, providing human resources, and employeecontributions) and administrative innovation. Beta coefficients were statistically significant between all thepractices of strategic management of human resources and administrative innovation. The variance inflationfactor for these variables was 1.33 to 2.75; which shows no line between them and that the regression modelhas been significant. The member's comments regarding the relationship between strategic human resourcemanagement practices and administrative innovation in terms of demographic characteristics were similar.Conclusion: Educational organizations can pave the way for organizational innovation by adoptingappropriate human resource functions.
Original Article
Alireza Jabbari; Masoud Ferdosi; Mahmoud Keyvanara; Zahra Agharahimi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 878-886
Abstract
Introduction: Policy makers and decision makers of medical tourism must identify stakeholders who canbe affected by and can affect this industry and determine their status for partnership. The aim of this studywas to identify and analyze the main stakeholders of medical tourism in Isfahan, and provide ...
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Introduction: Policy makers and decision makers of medical tourism must identify stakeholders who canbe affected by and can affect this industry and determine their status for partnership. The aim of this studywas to identify and analyze the main stakeholders of medical tourism in Isfahan, and provide strategies fordeveloping this industry.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2011. At first, key stakeholders of medical tourism inIsfahan were identified according to experts idea and literature review. Then we interviewed these keystakeholders. Data analysis was conducted using stakeholder analysis and development strategies wereprovided for medical tourism.Results: The key stakeholders of medical tourism in Isfahan were divided into 9 categories. Theyconsisted of Governor of Isfahan Province, Cultural Heritage, Handcraft and Tourism Organization ofIsfahan, Chamber of Commerce, State Medical Council, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, healthservices providers, tourism services providers, private investors, and the Export Development Bank ofIran. Stakeholders’ characteristics showed that Cultural Heritage, Handcraft and Tourism Organization ofIsfahan, clinic, and International Relations Office of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences had fullknowledge of the government policy about medical tourism. Private hospital, State Medical Council,investors, and University of Medical Sciences had great power. Private hospital, clinic, Cultural Heritage,Handcraft and Tourism Organization of Isfahan, and University of Medical Sciences had a supportiveposition. Effective strategies included strategies focused on increasing power, increasing support, andmaintaining their position.Conclusion: There are different stakeholders in the medical tourism industry of Isfahan. Therefore, policymakers can plan, make policies and decisions, and use effective strategies in order to develop medicaltourism by designing a medical tourism stakeholders’ network and a medical tourism provincial council,and by clarifying the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders.
Original Article
Hamid Sepehrdoust; Elham Rajabi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 887-894
Abstract
Introduction: Iran's social security organization provides hospital services through direct treatmentsystem (hospitals owned by the organization) and indirect treatment system (purchasing of hospitalservices and other health care services from other providers). The current research aims to assess technicalperformance ...
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Introduction: Iran's social security organization provides hospital services through direct treatmentsystem (hospitals owned by the organization) and indirect treatment system (purchasing of hospitalservices and other health care services from other providers). The current research aims to assess technicalperformance and determine the relationship between activity size and efficiency level of social securityhospitals in Iran.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 65 active social security hospitals that wereselected for Data Envelopment Analysis during the period of 2007–2009. In order to measure the technicalefficiency of hospitals the input-output model and data envelopment analysis (DEA) were used.Furthermore, statistical tests were used to study the significance of the effect of activity scale on theefficiency level of the hospitals.Results: About 28.5% of small scale social security hospitals and 16.2% of large scale social securityhospitals were found to be working with full efficiency. Statistical analysis showed a significant differencebetween the mean efficiency of small scale and large scale hospitals (Sig. = 0.029).Conclusion: It is expected that, through improvement of managerial techniques in efficient input use, themanagerial inefficiency level be reduced by 6%, and a 5% increment be achieved in the output servicesscale of hospitals through the efficient use of existing resources.
Original Article
Ahmad Reza Izadi; Jahangir Drikvand; Ali Ebrazeh
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 895-907
Abstract
Introduction: Health care organizations, especially hospitals, must focus on patient safety as their mainstrategy. Cultural change is the most important challenge that they are faced with in creating a safesystem. The present article aims to improve the patient safety culture with an assessment of the ...
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Introduction: Health care organizations, especially hospitals, must focus on patient safety as their mainstrategy. Cultural change is the most important challenge that they are faced with in creating a safesystem. The present article aims to improve the patient safety culture with an assessment of the safety inFatemeh Zahra Hospital, Najafabad, Iran.Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional research was conducted in 2010. Patient’s safety culturewas measured using the Persian adaptation of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. This surveywas validated by the opinion of 15 experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined byCronbach’s alpha and was 0.846. The questionnaire was sent to all medical employees of Fatemeh ZahraHospital. Data were analyzed with t-test and one-way ANOVA by SPSS Software. A P-value of less than0.05 was considered as statistically significant, and 95% confidence interval was calculated.Results: Overall, 196 of the 350 individuals responded to the surveys. The overall response rate was 56%.Supervisor expectations and actions gained 76% of all scores, teamwork within hospital units 75%,organizational learning 73%, feedback and communication about error 70%, transitions 69%,communication openness 68%, management support 65%, teamwork across units 62%, non-punitiveresponse to error 54%, and staffing gained 48%. 64% of all employees had no reports of error. The meanpatient safety score was 3.36 (out of 5). According to t-test results, there was no significance differencebetween patient safety scores in direct and indirect contacts with patient (P = 0.373). Moreover, accordingto the results of ANOVA, there was a significant difference between the scores of the maternitydepartment and midwifes, and other wards and employees (P < 0.000). There was no significant differencebetween the patient safety culture scores of employees of different wards, work experience in the ward(their current place of work), work experience in the hospital, and type of contact with patients (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Although the total score of patient safety culture was acceptable, non-punitive response toerror, staffing, teamwork across units, and management support are in need of immediate intervention.The hospital can improve the patient safety culture by planning and taking action in these areas.
Original Article
Zeinab Darami; Aboulghasem Nouri; Hossein Molavi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 908-918
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction: In today’s competitive world and tendency of organizations toward privatization, the roleof involvement and commitment of staff is more vital, and in health organizations, taking nurses intoaccount is of much higher importance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship ...
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AbstractIntroduction: In today’s competitive world and tendency of organizations toward privatization, the roleof involvement and commitment of staff is more vital, and in health organizations, taking nurses intoaccount is of much higher importance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of perceivedorganizational support and corporate culture with organizational commitment among nurses employed inselected public and private hospitals in Isfahan, Iran.Methods: This was a comparative-correlational study. The study population composed of nursesemployed in public and private hospitals. The sample size was estimated to be 200 and subjects wereselected through simple random sampling method. The data collection tools were questionnaire of“perceived organizational support”, “corporate culture” and “organizational commitment”. The validity ofthe questionnaires were confirmed by psychology experts and professionals and their reliability werecalculated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and were obtained 0.91 for perceived organizational supportquestionnaire, 0.84 for corporate culture questionnaire and 0.75 for organizational commitment. The studywas conducted in four private and four public hospitals of Isfahan in 2010. Descriptive and referentialanalysis of the data was provided using SPSS software.Results: The findings indicated that there was a significant and positive relationship among perceivedorganizational support and corporate culture with most dimensions of commitment in both public and privatesectors (P < 0.05). In addition, the results showed that there was a significant difference among the perceivedorganizational support and all the dimensions of commitment between private and public sectors (P < 0.01).However, there was no significant difference regarding corporate culture of these two sectors.Conclusion: According to the findings, by increased perceived organizational support and corporate cultureand commitment in private sectors, it is expected that performance and quality of care will be improved
Original Article
Mirmohamad Asadi; Saied Esfandiary; Seyed Habibola Mirghafori; Zahra Sadeghi Arani
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 919-928
Abstract
Introduction: Establishing improvement in every organization requires assessment of organizationalperformance, planning and goal-setting to improve the performance. Despite remarkable progressesoccurred in recent years on designing the frameworks and performance evaluation systems, manyorganizations ...
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Introduction: Establishing improvement in every organization requires assessment of organizationalperformance, planning and goal-setting to improve the performance. Despite remarkable progressesoccurred in recent years on designing the frameworks and performance evaluation systems, manyorganizations still rely on traditional criteria. Therefore, according to the importance of performanceevaluation, it has been tried to combine qualitative and quantitative approaches in evaluation of totalquality management models under the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) excellencemodel and mathematical models of data envelopment analysis (DEA); i.e. providing a model regardingperformance evaluation for 27 clinics of Yazd city so as to evaluate the advantages of the both methodsand minimize their disadvantages too.Methods: The study population of this descriptive study consisted of all the officials, staff and physiciansin clinics of Yazd in 2011. 283 subjects participated in the study and 215 of them completed thequestionnaire. The data collection tool was a standard 50-item EFQM excellence model questionnaire.The validity of this questionnaire has been proved in many previous studies. Cronbach’s alpha was alsoused to determine its reliability (r = 0.89). Data analysis was conducted through SPSS software and DEAPwas also used to determine the organizational efficiency.Results: Out of the 27 selected clinics, the clinics of Akbari (1.09), Qaemiyeh (1.054), Shahrak-Sanati(1.04), Azadshahr (1.014), Kasnaviyeh (1.06), Khatamolanbiya (1.41), Fateme-Zahra (1.039), Mottahari(1.056), Paknezhad (1.03), Shah-Vali (1.016), Sepahepasdaran (1.038), dental clinic (1.043), Nickpoor(1.11) and Kowsar (1.027) were efficient and the rest were inefficient. Khatmolanbyah (1.41) andRahmatabad clinics (0.89) obtained the first and the last rating in efficiency, respectively. In other words,more than half of the clinics in the city (52%) were efficient.Conclusion: Through combination of data envelopment analysis and organizational excellence models,which can constitute a strong performance assessment together, managers of the clinics can make a steptoward realistic assessment of the clinics and therefore improve them. Furthermore, inefficient clinics canalso change the human and financial resources in order to reach an acceptable level of performance.
مقاله مروری نقلی
Sima Ajami; Farideh Movahedi
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 929-941
Abstract
Lean thinking requires certain techniques and tools to support lean processing and to penetrate anorganization in which 5S system (sorting, set in order, shining, standardization, sustaining) is to developvalue process workflow system. Kanban, a card containing a set of manufacturing specifications andrequirements ...
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Lean thinking requires certain techniques and tools to support lean processing and to penetrate anorganization in which 5S system (sorting, set in order, shining, standardization, sustaining) is to developvalue process workflow system. Kanban, a card containing a set of manufacturing specifications andrequirements used to regulate the supply of components, is one of the most famous and important leantools. 5S system is in fact a technique to minimize wastes in the workplace and thereby can establish abetter environment, a better communication, optimize productivity and eventually provides a general 5Ssystem in the organization. 5S system has been founded in the West and was developed in Japan andevolved all around the world. Development and acceptance of 5S system in various countries withdifferent cultures indicates that the concepts of this system are compatible with a variety of cultures. Thereare some lessons and doctrines in Islam and Iranian national culture which are compatible with the 5Ssystem and can facilitate the acceptance of this system. Lean processing emphasizes on performing thebest well-organized task in the most appropriate place and in the first opportunity to reduce waste andoptimize the processes in line with the customer’s needs. Industrial societies have long used leanmanagement to improve their processes. In addition, arrival of lean management in healthcare system hadsignificant impacts on management structure and providing healthcare services. Healthcare system canremarkably improve its performance through implementing the lean management system and provide theservices in a just-in-time (JIT) and an optimized level for the clients. This new approach system has beenestablished as a cultural strategy in order to provide high quality services at lowest price during theshortest time in hospitals. 5S system is a tool, a management system and a philosophy for changing theapproach of hospitals toward a managed and organized method. This system is a methodology whichallows hospitals to increase quality of health care with reducing errors and waiting time. 5S system is anapproach to support health staff and physicians, eliminate the current obstacles in the workflow and helpthem to merely focus on providing patient’s healthcare. Therefore, the present study aimed to introducethe establishment of the 5S system which is one of the major lean tools in the healthcare system andextend its principles with an Islamic view. This was an unsystematic review study conducted in 2012using the Google engine search in sites of journals, the Holy Quran, Nahj-al-Balagha, Bihar-al-Anwar, Al-Kafi, Kanz al-A’mal, Wasael al-Shia, and Al-khesal and using keywords of 5S system, lean, healthsystem, healthcare, set-in-order, discipline, purification, cleanliness, hygiene, purity, durability in full textsand abstracts. Approximately, 100 articles, verses, hadiths and abstracts were obtained among which 45cases were found to be related with the objects of this study. Regular enforcement of the 5S procedurescan provide a clean and sanitary environment. Moreover, efforts to establish correct habits in staff is themost important factor in accomplishing standardized and sorted workplaces and this major factor is doneby implementing the fifth technique (5th S i.e. sustaining). An organized environment is due to providehigh quality services.
مقاله کوتاه
Esmaeel Mostafavi; Mohamad-Ali Ghasemi-Nejad
Volume 9, Issue 6 , March 2012, Pages 942-949
Abstract
Introduction: An important aspect of human resource organization is mental health workers. Thephenomena of emotional stress and burnout have a significant effect on employee performance. The purposeof the present study was to measure burnout and its dimensions in the librarians of Tehran Universities.Methods: ...
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Introduction: An important aspect of human resource organization is mental health workers. Thephenomena of emotional stress and burnout have a significant effect on employee performance. The purposeof the present study was to measure burnout and its dimensions in the librarians of Tehran Universities.Methods: This was a descriptive–correlation study. The data collection tool was the Maslach BurnoutInventory. The reliability of this test is 0.76. The study samples consisted of 111 university librariansworking in academic libraries in Tehran, Iran, in 2012. They were selected using cluster sampling.Results: The findings showed that librarians had high emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lackof personal accomplishment during their work process. In addition, age and occupational experience weresignificantly related to occupational burnout and its components. This means that with increase in theirage and their career experience their burnout also increased.Conclusion: The results suggest that with increase in age and work experience of librarians, burnout andits three components have increased. Accordingly library managers can create an environment for greaterproductivity and prosperity in human capital in order to provide users with appropriate and up-to-dateinformation by making timely decisions and taking action.
