نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشیار، تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

4 استادیار، روانشناسی بالینی، مرکز تحقیقات سایکوسوماتیک، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: سرطان سینه شایع‌ترین، کشنده‌ترین و از نظر روانی تأثیرگذارترین سرطان در زنان است و موجب بروز مشکلات هیجانی و عاطفی عمیقی همچون افسردگی می‌شود. یافته‌های چندین مطالعه بیانگر وجود ارتباط آماری‌ معنی‌دار بین سلامت‌ معنوی و افسردگی در این بیماران می‌باشد. وجــود موارد ضد و نقیض در این زمینه، در تحقیقات خارج از کشور و عدم وجود چنین مطالعه‌ای در ایران، محققین را بر آن داشت تا مطالعه‌ای را با هدف ارتباط‌ بین سلامت ‌معنوی‌ و افسردگی در مراجعه‌کنندگان ‌مبتلا به‌ سرطان ‌سینه در بیمارستان‌ سیدالشهدا(ع) اصفهان طراحی و اجرا نمایند‌.
روش بررسی: این مطالعه، از نوع تحلیلی- مقطعی بود. نمونه‌های مورد پژوهش 223 نفر از بمراجعه‌کنندگان مبتلا به سرطان سینه در بیمارستان سیدالشهدا(ع) در سال 1390 بودند که به روش نمونه‌گیری آسان وارد مطالعه گردیدند. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از دو پرسش‌نامه‌ی سلامت معنوی پولوتزین و الیسون و خرده مقیاس افسردگی پرسش‌نامه‌ی DASS-42 استفاده شد. سپس داده‌ها با استفاده از 17SPSS و روش‌های آمار توصیفی (توزیع درصد فراوانی، میانگین و انحراف معیار) و تحلیلی (آزمون t ‌مستقل و ضریب همبستگی Pearson و Spearman)، مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافتهها: در این مطالعه، ‌223 ‌بیمار (1/99 درصد‌ زن و ‌9/0 درصد ‌مرد) شرکت‌ نمودند. میانگین ‌سنی این بیماران 6/48 سال با انحراف ‌معیار 07/1 بود. 3/80 درصد افراد متأهل بودند. میانگین مدت ابتلا به بیماری 26/39 ماه با انحراف‌ معیار 7/41 بود. میانگین‌نمره‌ی ‌بعد ‌مذهبی ‌سلامت ‌معنوی بیماران ‌25/52‌ با ‌انحراف‌ معیار ‌08/7‌ از 60 بود‌ و ‌میانگین ‌نمره‌ی ‌بعد ‌وجودی ‌سلامت‌ معنوی ‌بیماران ‌87/42 با ‌انحراف ‌معیار ‌31/9 ‌از 60 و‌ میانگین ‌کلی ‌نمره‌ی ‌سلامت‌ معنوی ‌بیماران ‌نیز ‌89/94 ‌با انحراف ‌معیار 99/14 از 120 بود و میانگین ‌نمره‌ی ‌افسردگی واحدهای ‌مورد ‌پژوهش ‌24/12 ‌با انحراف ‌معیار ‌58/9 از 42 بود. یافته‌ها حاکی از وجود ارتباط آماری‌ معنی‌دار‌ معکوس بین ابعاد‌ مذهبی‌ و وجودی سلامت‌ معنوی با‌ میزان افسردگی بود (به ترتیب با 22/0- = r و 001/0 = P و نیز 48/0- = r‌ و 001/0 > P). همچنین بین ‌نمره‌‌ی کلی‌ سلامت معنوی ‌و افسردگی ارتباط معنی‌دار وجود داشت (41/0- = r و 001/0 > P).
نتیجه‌گیری: در بیماران مبتلا به سرطان سینه با نمرات‌ بالاتر سلامت‌ معنوی، میزان افسردگی کمتری وجود دارد. بنابراین به نظر می‌رسد در بیماری‌هایی همچون سرطان که بر جسم، روان و روح افراد تأثیرگذار هستند، پرستاران می‌توانند با استفاده از رویکرد مراقبت کل‌نگر با تأکید بر بعد ‌معنوی مراقبت به بیماران در دستیابی به ارتقای سطح سلامت روان کمک نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between Spiritual Well-Being and Depression in Iranian Breast Cancer Patients

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Musarezaie 1
  • Tahereh Momeni Ghaleghasemi 2
  • Jahanghir Karimian 3
  • Amrolah Ebrahimi 4

1 MSc Student, Student Research Committee, Nursing, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 MSc Student, Student Research Committee, Nursing, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Physical Education, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Clinical Psychology, Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Breast cancer is considered as the most common as well as most effective
malignancy in adult female population. It leads to deep psychological and emotional problems such as depression. Although findings of numerous studies revealed a significant relation between spiritual well-being and depression in cancer patients, some reasons such as paradoxical findings in foreign researches and absence of such a study in Iran encouraged us to design and perform a study to survey the relationship between spiritual well-being and depression in patients with breast cancer who referred to a cancer treatment center in Isfahan, Iran during 2011.
Methods: In this analytic study, 223 hospitalized breast cancer patients were selected by simple random sampling. The DASS-42 Inventory and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale were applied to measure depression and spiritual well-being, respectively. Data was analyzed in SPSS18 using statistical methods including independent t-test, Spearman and Pearson's correlation coefficients.
Results: A total number of 223 patients with mean age of 48.6 ± 1.07 years participated in this study. Mean scores of religious aspect and existential aspect of spiritual well-being were 52.25 ± 7.08 and 42.87 ± 9.31, respectively. Mean total score of spiritual well-being was 94.87 ± 14.99. Mean depression score was 12.24 ± 9.58. There was a statistically significant relationship between depression in patients with both existential (P = 0.001; r = -22) and religious (P = 0.001; r = -48) aspects of spiritual well-being. Depression and total score of spiritual well-being were also significantly associated (P < 0.001; r = -41). Conclusion: Our findings showed that patients with higher mean scores of spiritual well-being were less depressed. Therefore, in cases of refractory diseases such as cancer that affect the body, mind and spirit of patients, nurses could apply a holistic care approach with emphasis on spiritual approach to improve mental health and quality of life.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Depression
  • Neoplasms
  • Spirituality
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