نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری نظام مند

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی، یزد، ایران

چکیده

قرابت میان فضای مجازی و ذهن انسان، به این فن‌آوری جذابیتی بی‌همتا و گاه مقاومت‌ناپذیر داده است. این جذابیت در کنار مزایای بی‌شمار فن‌آوری‌‌های اطلاعاتی باعث شده است که کاربران در سراسر دنیا رویکردی گسترده به آن داشته باشند. در مقاله حاضر که به روش متن‌پژوهی انجام شده است، تلاش می‌شود تأثیرات نامطلوب شبکه‌ی اینترنت و بازی‌های رایانه‌ای بر ابعاد مختلف روان، اخلاق و اجتماع مرور و بررسی شود تا ضرورت آگاهی‌رسانی، آموزش و اتخاذ اقدامات پیشگیرانه و همچنین سیاست‌گذاری‌های تربیتی و قانونی بیش از پیش آشکار گردد. گرچه استفاده از شبکه‌ی اینترنت و بازی‌های رایانه‌ای می‌تواند تأثیرات سازنده‌ای برای سلامت روان، روابط اجتماعی، مهارت‌های شناختی و یادگیری داشته باشد، اما شمار تأثیرات روان‌شناختی، اخلاقی و اجتماعی بسیار زیاد است و می‌تواند تأثیرات سازنده را تحت‌الشعاع قرار دهد. در میان پیامدهای استفاده‌ی ناآگاهانه از بازی‌های رایانه‌ای و شبکه‌ی اینترنت می‌توان به اعتیاد و وابستگی بیمارگونه، سوء استفاده‌ی جنسی، گسیختگی روابط خانوادگی و اجتماعی، مسؤولیت‌گریزی، خشونت و پرخاشگری، افسردگی، کناره‌گیری و درونگرایی، کاهش عزت نفس، افت تحصیلی و شغلی، اضطراب، اختلالات فکری و عاطفی اشاره کرد. شمار فراوان تأثیرات نامطلوب روانی، اخلاقی و اجتماع اینترنت و بازی‌های رایانه‌ای و همچنین شمار فراوان پژوهش‌هایی که به بررسی این تأثیرات پرداخته‌اند، نشان از فراگیر بودن مخاطرات در سراسر جهان و در عین حال، افزایش روزافزون آگاهی، حساسیت و توجهات به اهمیت موضوع دارد. با توجه به وابستگی شدید فن‌آوری‌ها و تأثیرات آن‌ها به بافتار، لازم است در هر جامعه تحقیقات گسترده‌ای در این باره انجام شود تا بتوان با توجه به شرایط اجتماعی، فرهنگی، مذهبی خاص آن جامعه به راهکارهایی مناسب و اثربخش دست یافت. واژه‌های کلیدی: فن‌آوری اطلاعات؛ رایانه‌ها؛ اینترنت؛ سلامت روان

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Consequences of Information Technology on Mental, Ethical and Social Health

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hajar Sotudeh 1
  • Kianoosh Rashidi 2

1 Assistant Professor, Knowledge and Information Sciences, School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran

2 Knowledge and Information Sciences, School of Health, Shahid Sadouqi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

چکیده [English]

The relationship between the cyberspace and human brain gives the technology a unique and sometimes irresistible attraction. The aspect, along with the numerous advantages of modern information technologies (IT), makes users have a wide approach toward ICT throughout the world. The present study attempted to review the literature on undesirable psychological (97 items), ethical and social effects of the internet and computer games in order to highlight the serious need for training users, taking preventive measures and also making educational and legal policies. In spite of all their constructive impacts on psychological health, social relations, cognitive skills and learning, technologies have such wide detriments that could override their advantages. Among the consequences of uninformed usage of the technologies, one may notice addiction and pathological dependency, sexual abuse, disruption of family and social relations, non-responsibility, violence and aggression, depression, isolation and introversion, low self-esteem, school and job failure, anxiety, and finally mental and emotional disorders. The wide range of undesirable consequences, as well as an increasing body of researches on the matter, implies the seriousness of the dangers all over the world and the requirement of an increasing awareness, sensibility and attention. Given the high context-dependency of technologies, it is necessary to conduct a wide range of studies in order to get to suitable and effective and well-proportioned solutions to specific social, cultural, and religious conditions. Keywords: Information Technology; Computers; Internet; Mental Health

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