نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری نظام مند
نویسندگان
1 مدرس گروه حقوق دانشگاه اصفهان
2 عضو هیات علمی دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه آزاد اصفهان(خوراسگان)
چکیده
چکیدهمقدمه: مسئولیت مدنی پزشکان همواره یکی از مسائل مهم حقوقی بوده است. به همین دلیل، قوانینی که تا کنون در این باره وضع شده با چالشهای مختلفی مواجه گردیده است. ریشه این مشکلات مربوط به دیدگاههای متفاوت نسبت به مبنای مسئولیت مدنی است. در این مقاله با بررسی برخی از نظامهای حقوقی مشخص شد قوانین ایران پس از فراز و نشیبهای فراوان در روند قانونگذاری راه اعتدال را پیشه ساخته و با انتخاب تقصیر به عنوان مبنای مسئولیت تقریباً توانسته با قوانین سایر کشورها همآهنگ شود. ولی رویه قضایی ما در این زمینه نتوانسته شکوفا شود تا در آراء خود مصلحت اجتماعی، سلامت جامعه و حقوق پزشکان را در کنار جبران زیانهای وارده مورد توجه قرار دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Role of Physicians’ Civil Responsibility in Securing People’s Health and Social Interests
نویسندگان [English]
- Ghodratollah Noroozi 1
- Mohamadsharif Shahi 2
1 PhD in public Law, Assistant Professor, Department of Law, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 PhD in public Law, Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan(Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Physicians’ Civil Responsibility has always been among important legal issues and thus, subject to rules faced with various challenges rooted in different approaches towards civil responsibilities. The present study investigated some of the world’s legal systems and different dimensions of responsibility to find proper strategies for securing patients’ rights as well as other issues in this respect. The study was a library research in which Iranian law and justice databases such as the Information Center of Judicial Institute and Iran's Legal Database along with sixty other resources have been exploited directly and indirectly within the period from May 2014 to September 2015. It has investigated legal and jurisprudential texts, internal and international rules and judicial processes acted upon in Iran, France and America in a comparative manner. Actually, the key points of the study turn round civil responsibility, fault, risk, irreparable loss, permissive waste, agreement and acquittal. The findings showed that Iranian legal system has not been able to take a fixed stance towards physicians’ civil responsibility in the past, e.g. in a certain period of time, based on some of the jurisprudents’ views, it has sometimes adopted risk and some other times fault as the basis for Physicians’ civil responsibility. However, in the course of time, it has come to follow a more optimistic approach which, if continued, can secure the patients’ and people’s rights in a more acceptable manner.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Physicians’ civil responsibility
- Social interest
- social health
- irreparable loss
- and permissive waste
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