نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مدیریت آموزشی، موسسه فرهنگ پژوهان دانش، اصفهان، ایران
2 دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
3 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان روانشناسی، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی تعیین کننده سلامت، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
م
قدمه: با توجه به افزایش مراکز درمان اعتیاد در کشور و اهمیت موضوع بررسی سلامت درمانگران مراکز ترک اعتیاد، به دلیل ارتباط آنان با بیماران دچار آسیب، این مطالعه با هدف تعیین فرسودگی شغلی درمانگران مراکز ترک اعتیاد دارای مجوز شهر اصفهان در رابطه با ویژگی‌های فردی و شغلی آن‌ها انجام گرفت.
روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی و از دسته‌ی مطالعات تحلیلی- مقطعی بود که بر روی 137 درمانگر مراکز ترک اعتیاد شهر اصفهان (34 پزشک، 14 روانپزشک، 42 روانشناس و 46 پرستار) در سال 1389 انجام شد. ابزار سنجش، پرسش‌نامه‌ی فرسودگی شغلی Maslach (MBI یا Maslach burnout inventory) -که پایایی آن از طریق Cronbsch's alpha تأیید شد (87/0 = α)- و پرسش‌نامه‌ی جمعیت شناختی بود. نمونه‌ها به صورت تصادفی ساده انتخاب و پرسش‌نامه‌ها در میان آنان توزیع شد. داده‌ها تحت نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه‌ی 18 (version 18, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) با استفاده از آزمون t، ضریب همبستگی و تحلیل واریانس تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: میانگین نمره‌ی فرسودگی شغلی (43/32)، خستگی هیجانی (79/13)، مسخ شخصیت (44/4) در درمانگران مورد مطالعه در حد خفیف و کاهش کفایت شخصی ایشان (87/14) متوسط گزارش شد. همچنین بین فرسودگی شغلی با متغیر سابقه‌ی کار، رابطه‌ی مستقیم معنی‌دار و با رضایت از درآمد، علاقه به کار و نگرش نسبت به اثربخش بودن کار، رابطه‌ی معکوس معنی‌دار مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج بیانگر آن است که فرسودگی هر چند خفیف، اما به نحو قابل ملاحظه در میان درمانگران وجود دارد، به طوری که شدت آن در ابعاد خستگی هیجانی و کاهش کفایت شخصی، نگران کننده است. بنابراین، شناخت عوامل مستعد کننده و کاهش دهنده در ابعاد فردی، سازمانی و محیطی ضروری است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Job Burnout of Therapists in the Licensed Addiction Centers in Isfahan, Iran and its Relationship with Individual and Professional Factors*
نویسندگان [English]
- Tayebeh Tayebani 1
- Ayatollah Sohrabi 2
- Raheleh Samouei 3
1 Educational Management, Institute of Farhang Pajouhan Danesh, Isfahan, Iran
2 School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Psychology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (Corresponding Author) Email: samouei@mail.mui.ac.ir
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Addiction treatment centers have been increased in the country. The therapist’s health is
important for their contact with patients with an excessive damage caused this survey to study job burnout
of the therapists in the licensed addiction centers in Isfahan, Iran and its relevance with individual and
professional factors.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done on 137 therapists in withdrawal addiction centers of
Isfahan, Iran in 2011 (34 physicians, 14 psychiatrists, 42 psychologists and 46 nurses). Data collection
was done using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) (α = 0.87). The subjects were selected through simple
random sampling and the questionnaires were distributed among them. Frequency, percentage, standard
deviation, Student’s t-test, correlation coefficient and analysis of variance were used.
Results: The results of this study suggested that the mean score of lob burnout in the survey sample
compared with the referent score was weak and the job burnout in the emotional exhaustion (13.79) and
depersonalization (4.44) dimensions was weak and in terms of decreasing personal efficiency (14.87)
reported to be medium. A significant correlation was observed between the job burnout and variables of
job background, consent of income, interest in job and attitude to the effectiveness of clinical work.
Conclusion: Although weak, there was some burnout among the study subjects, so that the intensity in two
dimensions of emotional exhaustion and personal efficiency reduction is worrying. Therefore, it is necessary
to distinguish the intensifier and reducer factors in individual, organizational and environmental dimensions.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Burnout
- Professional
- Therapists
- Substance Abuse Treatment Centers
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