نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد، روانشناسی صنعتی و سازمانی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
2 استاد، روانشناسی سازمانی و صنعتی، مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت سلامت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان گروه علوم پزشکی، اصفهان، ایران
3 استادیار، روانشناسی سازمانی و صنعتی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
م
قدمه: مهارت‌های ارتباطی از جمله مهارت‌های اساسی برای زندگی در عصر حاضر است. پرستاران به دلیل موقعیت شغلی خود باید مهارت کافی جهت برقراری ارتباط مناسب با همکاران و بیماران داشته باشند تا از آرامش، رضایت و سلامت بهره‌مند شوند. هدف این تحقیق، تعیین اثربخشی آموزش مهارت‌های ارتباطی بر میزان سلامت عمومی (و ابعاد آن) پرستاران بیمارستان شهید آیت‌اله کاشانی اصفهان بود.
روش بررسی: نوع مطالعه‌ی این پژوهش، نیمه آزمایشی بود. جامعه‌ی آماری، کلیه‌ی پرستاران بیمارستان آیت‌اله کاشانی در سال 1388 (158 پرستار زن و مرد در 12 بخش) بود که از میان آن‌ها 20 پرستار برای شرکت در گروه آزمایشی و همچنین 20 پرستار برای شرکت در گروه شاهد به عنوان نمونه‌ی آماری و با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای متناسب با حجم نمونه انتخاب شدند. مداخله‌ی انجام شده، 8 جلسه‌ی آموزش مهارت‌های ارتباطی برای گروه آزمایشی در طی یک ماه بود. برای ارزیابی سلامت عمومی هر دو گروه، قبل و بعد از مداخله‌ی آموزشی (8 جلسه آموزش مهارت‌های ارتباطی) از پرسش‌نامه‌ی استاندارد سلامت عمومی (General Health Questionnaire یا GHQ-28) استفاده شد. ضریب پایایی این پرسش‌نامه از طریق Cronbach's alpha برابر 78/0 برآورد شد. تحلیل در سطح آمار توصیفی (میانگین و انحراف معیار) و استنباطی (تحلیل کوواریانس) توسط نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه‌ی 16 انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: آموزش مهارت‌های ارتباطی، میزان سلامت عمومی را 73 درصد افزایش و میزان افسردگی، اضطراب، اختلال در کارکردهای اجتماعی و جسمانی را به ترتیب 75، 72، 72 و 34 درصد کاهش داده است (01/0 > P).
نتیجه‌گیری: با طراحی و اجرای استاندارد جلسات آموزشی و تدریس توسط مدرسین مجرب و متخصص، آموزش مهارت‌های ارتباطی تأثیر بسزایی در سلامت عمومی کارکنان خواهد داشت.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Communication Skills Training on General Health of Nurses*
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahnoosh Amini 1
- Aboulghassem Nouri 2
- Hossein Samavatyan, 3
1 Organizational and Industrial Psychology, School of Psychologic and Education Sciences, The University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Organizational and Industrial Psychology, Health Management and Economic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Organizational and Industrial Psychology, School of Psychologic and Education Sciences, The University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Communication skills are of high importance nowadays. Due to their occupational position,
nurses need appropriate and sufficient skills to communicate with their colleagues and patients in order to
achieve peace and satisfaction. The present study aimed to determine the effect of communication skills
training on the overall amount of general health (and its dimensions) in nurses of Kashani Hospital,
Isfahan, Iran.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental research in which the statistical sample included all the nurses
employed by Kashani Hospital in 2009 (158 male and female nurses in 12 wards). By applying the relative
categorical random sampling method, 20 participants were assigned to the experimental group and the rest
(n = 20) were assigned to the control group. Eight sessions of communication skills training were held for
the experimental group. The standard General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used to measure and
evaluate the general health in pre-intervention and post-intervention phases. To determine the reliability of
each questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was utilized which provided us with 0.78. Analysis of
the data took place on two levels of descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and inferential
statistics i.e. analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results: Communication skills training increased the general health by 73% and decreases depression,
anxiety, and social and physical dysfunction by 75%, 72%, 72%, 34%, respectively (P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Designing and applying standard communication skills training sessions, tied with the help
of specialized lecturers, will have a significant effect on human communication, relations, organizational
citizenship behavior, and general health of the staff.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Communication Skills
- Education
- Health
- Nurses
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