نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پزشک عمومی و کارشناس ارشد، بهداشت عمومی، وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، مدیریت و برنامه ریزی آموزشی، مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت و اقتصاد سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 دکترای تخصصی، مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، اداره کل تشکیلات و آموزش شهرداری تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: بهره‌وری هر سازمان تا حد قابل ملاحظه‌ای به ذخیره‌ی دانش، مهارت، خلاقیت و تجربه‌ی نیروی انسانی آن سازمان بستگی دارد. از این‌رو، ضروری است که هر سازمان با تنظیم برنامه‌ی آموزش، نیازهای توسعه‌ی فردی، شغلی و سازمانی را استخراج و تأمین کند. این مقاله به صورت گزارش موردی، برنامه‌ی ارتقای عملکرد مدیران شاغل در وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی را از طریق مسلح ساختن آن‌ها به دانش، بینش و مهارت‌های مدیریتی مورد نیاز مأموریت سازمانی تشریح نموده است.
روش بررسی: توانمندسازی مدیران بر اساس رویکرد «آموزش مبتنی بر شایستگی»، در سال‌های 87-1381، با طراحی برنامه‌ی 7 مرحله‌ای و تشکیل کمیته‌ی تخصصی آموزش و راه‌اندازی 7 مرکز آموزش- پژوهش- مشاوره در وزارت بهداشت انجام شد و کلیه‌ی مدیران شاغل در این وزارتخانه را تحت پوشش قرار داد. در هر مرحله، از یافته‌های مطالعات قبلی و یا اجرای پژوهش‌های جدید استفاده شد. کمیته‌ی آموزش با استفاده از ابزارها و روش‌های علمی، صحت اطلاعات ثانویه و اولیه‌ی هر مرحله و همچنین شیوه‌ها و نتایج اجرای دوره‌های آموزشی را مورد تأیید قرار داد.
یافته‌ها: نیازهای آموزشی استخراج شده، بسته‌های آموزشی تدوین شده و دوره‌های آموزشی اجرا شده به تفکیک سطوح مدیریت، در راستای اهداف، راهبردها و فرآیندهای کلان و اهم مسایل وزارتخانه بودند و تکالیف قانونی و ظرفیت‌های شغلی و سازمانی مورد نیاز مدیران را پوشش می‌دادند. ارزیابی عملکرد مدیران در دوره‌ی زمانی 6 ماهه و یک ساله نشان داد که رتبه‌های مدیران آموزش دیده، نسبت به دوره‌ی زمانی قبل از خود و نسبت به مدیرانی که دوره‌ی آموزش را سپری نکرده بودند، به ترتیب رشد متوسطی معادل 25 درصد و 37 درصد داشته است و عملکرد آن‌ها بهتر بوده است. این در حالی بود که اغلب مدیران شاغل، از دانش، مهارت و تجربه‌ی مدیریتی مناسب با مأموریت‌های سازمانی خود برخوردار نبودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: برای ارتقای عملکرد مدیران، توجه به مأموریت سازمانی و توانایی‌های علمی و اجرایی مورد نیاز آن‌ها ضروری است. این تجربه نشان می‌دهد که الگوی آموزش مبتنی بر شایستگی، شیوه‌ای مناسب برای ارتقای عملکرد فردی، شغلی و سازمانی به حساب می‌آید و می‌توان با استفاده از ظرفیت‌های موجود، آن را در سطوح سازمانی و مدیریتی وزارت بهداشت به کار گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Competency-Based Training of Managers in the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education*

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad salarianzadeh 1
  • Mahdi Jafari Sirizi 2
  • Mohammad Hossein Yarmohammadian 3
  • Ali Maher 4

1 Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Health Services Management, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Educational Planning, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

4 Health Services Management, Education Center of Tehran Municipality, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: In every organization, productivity is considerably related with organizational knowledge, experience, creativity, and skills. Therefore, an organization must develop training programs to extract and supply individual, occupational, and organizational needs. This case study described the management performance promotion plan in the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME). The plan aimed to strengthen the knowledge, insight, and skills of managers for organizational missions.
Methods: Competency-based training (CBT) was used to empower managers in the Iranian MOHME during 2002-2008. The program included 7 stages for which a professional training committee was formed and 7 education-research-consultation centers were established. All man-agers of MOHME were covered by the program. In every stage, both the findings of previous studies and implementation of new research were used. The training committee confirmed the validity of the primary and secondary information, the training method, and results in every stage by using scientific methods and tools.
Results: The extracted needs, developed packages and implemented courses were in line with the objectives, strategies, problems, legal duties and organizational and occupational needs of the MOHME. Managers' performance assessment at 6-month and one-year intervals showed their per-formance was improved by 25%. Their performance was also 37% higher than untrained managers. Most managers did not initially possess adequate management knowledge, skills, and experience.
Conclusion: In order to promote performance of managers, attention must be paid to organiza-tional missions and the required skills and knowledge. CBT is an appropriate model for improv- ing individual, professional, and organizational performance of managers and can be used in the Iranian MOHME.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Manager Training
  • Health
  • Competency-Based Education
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